What major initiative did FDR launch in response to the Great Depression?

The New Deal was the major initiative launched by Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) in response to the economic turmoil of the Great Depression. Implemented starting in 1933, the New Deal consisted of a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms, and regulations aimed at providing relief for the unemployed, recovery of the economy, and reform of the financial system to prevent a future depression. This multifaceted approach helped to stabilize the economy, provided immediate relief to millions of Americans, and laid the groundwork for future government intervention in economic matters.

The other initiatives mentioned have distinct historical contexts. The Square Deal was associated with Theodore Roosevelt and focused on consumer protection and conservation. The Fair Deal was a program proposed by Harry S. Truman in the late 1940s that sought to extend the New Deal's policies of social welfare. The Great Society, introduced by Lyndon B. Johnson in the 1960s, aimed at eliminating poverty and racial injustice, and while it built on some ideas from the New Deal, it addressed different social issues in a later political context.