What term refers to the scenario when executive and legislative branches of government are controlled by different political parties?

The scenario where the executive and legislative branches of government are controlled by different political parties is referred to as divided government. This situation often leads to a check on power, as one party may hold the presidency while another party controls one or both chambers of the legislature. This division can create a condition where the two branches must negotiate and compromise to pass legislation, potentially resulting in a more balanced approach to governance if both sides are willing to work together.

Divided government is significant in understanding the dynamics of American political processes, as it can influence policy-making, the passage of laws, and the overall effectiveness of government operations. In contrast, unified governance occurs when the same political party controls both branches, which can lead to a more streamlined process but may also risk a lack of checks and balances. Other options like alternative or concurrent governance do not accurately describe the specific scenario of differing party control between branches in the U.S. government.