Who presides over the Senate according to the Constitution?

The Vice President of the United States serves as the President of the Senate according to the Constitution. This role primarily involves overseeing Senate sessions and ensuring that the rules of the Senate are upheld. While the Vice President does not regularly participate in debates or votes, they can cast a tie-breaking vote when necessary. This provision is outlined in Article I, Section 3 of the Constitution, which specifically designates the Vice President as the presiding officer of the Senate. In this capacity, the Vice President plays a crucial role in maintaining order and facilitating the legislative process in the Senate. Other roles, such as the Speaker of the House and the Chief Justice, pertain to different chambers of Congress and separate judicial functions, respectively. The longest-serving senator of the majority party does not hold any official presiding authority in this context.